Ainkaa. Revista de Estudiantes de Ciencia Política

Editorial

Jeraldine Restrepo Calvo — 2025-07-13

Thanks to those who write, read, review and accompany this process, which is much more than a magazine: it is a community that believes in the word, in critical thinking and in the desire to transform. Thanks also to those who founded this space and to those who, at some point, shaped it with their time and conviction. Because you are Ainkaa, and you make it possible for COCP - this student initiative that is now almost 11 years old - to continue beating.

Urban fears as social representations of the urbanites of the Unidad Habitacional El Rosario of the Azcapotzalco municipality.

María de Jesús López Salazar — 2025-07-13

This study explores how urbanites (city practitioners) living in Unidad Habitacional El Rosario perceive and make sense of fear as part of their daily experience in the city. This is important because certain types of social representations undermine the right to the city of those who evoke them. Urban fear is not a phenomenon alien to any human being; everyday life in the city is full of elements that can generate it. Its intensity and permanence is different among people. However, it should not be considered a normalized phenomenon, or rather its character is transformed depending on the witness areas, i.e., in addition to being constant, its characteristics vary with respect to spaces, times and people.

PEACE: Interpretation and instrumentalization from the Social State of Law.

Diomer Alejandro Galeano Buitrago — 2025-07-13

The achievement of peace has been an imperative for the governments that have assumed power in Colombia since the proclamation of the Political Constitution of Colombia in 1991. The presidents who have governed Colombia have sought from different doctrines to dissipate violence in the territory and achieve peace, however, this has also been a banner used for their own benefit and that of their parties. This text presents how the governments of Alvaro Uribe Velez and Juan Manuel Santos used during their electoral campaigns the slogans on peace as tools to come to power and eventually build their peace policy for the benefit of their party, their allies or for themselves.

Oral history and its historical-social research potential with women from indigenous peoples

María Angélica Bernal Vega — 2025-07-13

The paper addresses oral history as a tool and methodology to build historical and collective knowledge, highlighting its role in the reactivation of subjects' memory. Oral history highlights its relevance not only for social research, but also for recovering individual experiences in collective memory.
Oral history is analyzed as a source in constant construction generated from, with and for communities. As an example, an interview with women from the original village of San Pedro Mártir in Mexico City is presented to illustrate how their stories provide knowledge through temporalities and shared meanings. Finally, oral history is presented as a resource to build historiographic sources and promote reflexive analysis in social research.

The political dimension of the philosophical café, workshop and gymnasium

Francisco Octavio Valadez Tapia — 2025-07-13

Philosophy is not limited to the accumulation of knowledge; it implies an active practice of thought. This practical turn in philosophy, according to Gabriel Arnaiz (2007), is manifested in spaces such as the philosophical café, workshop and gymnasium. These practical spaces, accessible to anyone, seek to deepen personal reflection and understanding of the world, going beyond mere theory. This article will explore the intrinsic linkage of these spaces with the political dimension.
For this article, an interdisciplinary approach combining political philosophy, Philosophical Practice and discourse analysis will be used. Key ideas of authors who have addressed the topic of Philosophical Practice will be analyzed and concrete cases will be studied to show the connection between philosophy and politics. Specifically, the aim is to define philosophical practices and their philosophical dimension, to examine the political component of practical spaces such as cafés, workshops and philosophical gyms, and to present examples of their application to current political issues.

Milestones in organization theory and feminism during the 20th century: convergences temporal convergences and mutual influences.

Silvia Mora Galicia — 2025-07-13

The development of organizational theory in the twentieth century is examined, focusing on women's participation and the influence of feminism. By locating milestones in both fields, the temporal convergence and influence of feminist thought on organizational theory is analyzed. Images of prominent theorists are included to make their work visible. The analysis concludes with a reflection on the integration of the gender perspective in the future of the discipline. A mixed methodology was employed, combining heuristic exploration with hermeneutic interpretation.

International conflict and strategic games: challenging conventional approaches to mathematical modelling in International Relations

Enzo Lenine — 2025-07-13

The prevalence of international conflicts makes them one of the main topics of discussion among International Relations (IR) scholars. The discipline has largely attempted to model the conditions and scenarios in which armed conflicts arise, and has sometimes employed formal models as tools to generate hypotheses and predictions. In this article, I discuss two different approaches to formal modeling in IR: one that fits data to mathematical models and another that derives statistical equations directly from the assumptions of a model. Through this analysis, I pose the following question: how should mathematics and statistics be linked to consistently test the validity of formal models in IR? To answer this question, he examined James Fearon's audience cost model and Curtis Signorino's strategic interaction game, and highlighted their mathematical assumptions and implications for formal model testing. I argue that Signorino's approach offers a more coherent set of epistemological and methodological tools for testing models, since it derives statistical equations that respect the assumptions of a model, whereas the data fitting approach tends to ignore such considerations.

International Politics in the Trump Era: Impact and Challenges for Colombia. Interview with Pedro Piedrahíta Bustamante.

María Fernanda Sánchez — 2025-07-13

Colombia's foreign policy faces new challenges with Donald Trump's second term in office in the United States. Throughout his career, Trump has maintained an unconventional stance in international relations, generating tensions with various countries, where Colombia has been no exception. Recent diplomatic clashes between President Gustavo Petro and the U.S. president open a debate on the future of bilateral cooperation, migration management and the role of Colombian diplomacy in an increasingly complex global context.
To better understand these dynamics, we spoke with Pedro Piedrahíta Bustamante, PhD in Current Issues in Spanish and International Law at the Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio (UAX) in Madrid and currently attached to the Department of Political Science as a professor. Through his analysis, we explore the implications of these conflicts, the role of the Foreign Ministry in their management and how the culture of cancellation has transformed public debate and decision-making in the international arena.

Osorio Gonnet, C. (2017). how do ideas travel? The role of epistemic communities in the design of social policies in Latin America. CLAD Journal Reform and Democracy, 68, 75-112.

María Fernanda Rodríguez Duque — 2025-07-13

The text ¿Cómo viajan las ideas? El rol de las comunidades epistémicas en el diseño de políticas sociales en América Latina, published by PhD in Political and Social Sciences Cecilia Osorio Gonnet in 2017, studies the diffusion of Conditional Transfer Programs (CTPs) in the region, emphasizing the role of epistemic communities and international organizations in their legitimization and expansion. This review addresses the author's critical reflection on the influence of these actors in the configuration of public policies and the tensions between the standardization of solutions and adaptation to national contexts, together with the discussion of the evolution of the debate on CTPs towards more comprehensive models of social protection and their relationship with rights-based approaches.

Democracy as a Possibility. Martin Acantilado

María Fernanda Rodríguez Duque — 2025-07-13

Democracy as a possibility is a treatise by the lawyer and former rector of the University of Antioquia Óscar Madrid Botero under the pseudonym Martín Acantilado in 2023. Under the premise that each person as a citizen of a territory must have the ability to understand the functioning and organization of public institutions in order to be able to participate in them in the life of society. In this review it is proposed to break down the arguments and main questions of the author about what it means and what is the meaning of democracy in the modern era.

Street-level bureaucracy in weak state institutions

Daphne Priscila Romo Carpio — 2025-07-13

The book is comprised of several chapters written by different researchers with expertise in transparency, accountability, governance and public administration, where they explore “street-level bureaucrats” who interact with citizens in the context of weak institutions, address the issues of resource scarcity, corruption of the bureaucracy and good or bad practice in the implementation of public policies. The authors apply a qualitative methodology that includes case studies and comparative analysis. The central concept of the book is based on the definition of street-level bureaucrats proposed by Michael Lipsky. These are public officials who interact directly with citizens and play a crucial role in policy implementation.